People of Russia

Petrov, Alexander D. – the most famous Russian chess player (1867), who was considered which had no equal in Russia. His "chess game" (St. Petersburg, 1824) was the second Russian original works on this subject. In 1840 Peter lived in Warsaw, holding various senior positions. Brilliant party to another in the 30-ies brought him the nickname "Russian Filidor. No one better Petrova never learned filidorovskoy style games, his ability to act on foot, to strengthen them in the center and they decide the battle: the game it is often the most brilliant animated offerings. Petrov once traveled abroad in 1863, but with the first player did not play: Morphy and Kolisch, who was at that time in Paris, declined to contest with him. Many interesting articles Petrova and chess stories published in "Notes of the Fatherland" 40-ies and in the "Chess Newssheet" Mikhailova, 1859 – 1862. His chess problems (mainly multiple steps backward mats) are distinguished by intricate and wit. The theory of chess, he has enriched the few studies: one debut is still his name. Party Petrov Hoffmann enjoys worldwide fame.

Krusenstern Johann Anton (Ivan) (06/11/1770 – 12/08/1846) – a famous admiral, was in the sea cadet corps, took part in the Swedish War of 1789-90 years.; In 1793 was sent to study naval science in England, with British fleet sailed to the northeast. shores of America, where he participated in battles with the French courts; visited Barbados, Suriname, Bermuda, sailed into the Bay of Bengal with a view to explore ostindskie water and open Russian trade route in Ostindiyu. Interested Russian fur trade with China which went by land from Okhotsk on Kyakhta, K. came to the conclusion that it was more profitable could go straight on, the sea: he also had in mind to establish direct relations with the Metropolitan Russian-American possessions.

In Petersburg, AK, introduced (1799) the authorities their views; in 1802, imp. Alexander I approved the project, K., for the execution of which decided to equip the first round the world expedition. This device is the voyage of more than contributed Admire. NP Mordvinov and the then Minister of Commerce, gr. NP Rumyantsev. Under the command of Karl expedition, consisting of the two ships ("Hope", and "Neva"), with an assistant, K., Lieutenant-Commander Lisyansky, astronomer Horner, naturalists Tilesius and Langsdorf, July 26, 1803 sailed from Kronstadt, which returned 19 August 1806

The expedition went across the Atlantic Ocean and rounded Cape Horn, from the Russian and neighboring lands in the north Pacific Ocean, she drew special attention to Kamchatka, the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. In his notes on this trip (St. Petersburg 1809-13; a good day. France., It., A Swede., Gall., Eng. Of Denmark. And Italy.) KA says many interesting things about what he had seen them on the road, especially on life and habits of savages; for its time, replete with magnificent atlas AK maps, plans and drawings. Lisyanskii rules of the second expedition and the ship was sometimes separated from the first, in his book on the same trip (St. Petersburg 1812, there eng. Transl.) Lot, so new items of observation – the way a detailed description of the coast of Sitka (he had referred to. Sitka ) and on Kodiak Island.

In 1811 K. The inspector classes Marine Cadet Corps. Inscribing a detailed instruction of the second world expedition, under the command of Kotzebue (see), K. traveled in 1814 to England to order all the necessary tools for this expedition. On his return he received indefinite leave of absence, and he starts producing his "Atlas South Sea", with the application of hydrographic notes, under the title: "Collected Works employees, and parsing explanation of the Atlas South Sea" (St.-Petersburg, 1823 and 1826, and France. Translation: "Recueil des memoires hydrographiques .. ", St. Petersburg., 1824-1827; addition SPb., 1835-86; work is crowned with full Demidov Prize).

In 1827, Karl was appointed director of the Marine Cadet Corps and a member of the Admiralty Board.

Trepov Dmitri (1855 – 1906) – Major General, son of St. Petersburg governor general Trepov. Upon completion of the course in the Corps of Pages served in the Life Guards T. Horse regiment in 1877 took an active part in the affairs of the Turks, while in the unit gene. Gurko, and in the battle of Teles was wounded in the leg. In 1896 he was appointed the Moscow chief of police. Arrests, dispersal of random meetings in private homes, beating areas were carried out at T. with extreme ease and great brutality. The movement among the students prosecuted with extreme cruelty, like any other, which took at least a weak political. T. was the main advocate and conductor known Zubatov policy, ie a kind of police socialism. Later, in conversation with British publicist Stead, transmitted by Stead in "Review of Reviews", T. said: "The system that conducts Zubatov with me and, in fact, on my initiative, was an attempt to raise the social status of the working class in Moscow . We walked to our goal in three ways: 1) we have encouraged the device working of trade unions to protect themselves and defend their economic interests, and 2) we have arranged a series of lectures on economic issues with the assistance of knowledgeable speakers, and 3) we have organized a wide distribution of cheap and healthy literature tried to encourage the initiative and promote mental development and encouraged to be frugal. The results were the best. Prior to the introduction of Zubatov Moscow seethed with annoyance, with my mode of working saw that the sympathies of the government on his side and that he can count on our help against the oppression of the entrepreneur.

Greek Peter Matveyevich (1762 – 1817) – Maj. Gen. Don Army, associate Suvorov and Platov. Simple Cossack, he was in 1785 for distinguished service in battle with the mountaineers on the River. Mulkey was made an officer and then took part in the 2 nd Turkish War, fighting under Bender Causeni, Ackermann, Ishmael and Machin. In the war with Poland for the battle of Matsiovitsami G. receives Order of St. George 4 degrees. During the Italian-Swiss expedition Suvorov in 1799, the colonel commanding a regiment, and takes with him involved in the capture of Bergamo, Lecco, Turin, Thorton, in battles on the River. Trebbia at Novi and Muttenskoy Valley. In 1801, he participated in the Math. Cossacks march on India, stopped the death of Emperor Paul I. After a brief service for civilian rule, the Don H. in 1808 appeared again on the battle field, in a war with Turkey, commanding with 3 Cossack pp. Detachment General Miloradovich; awarded for a win under Ruschukom the Order of St. George's 3 degrees, but for Turtukay rank of Major General, GM in 1812, together with the army, Admiral Chichagof, commanding in her 10 th Cossack. pp. takes part in the expulsion of the French from Russia.

Apraxine Spiridonov (30/07/1702 – 26/08/1760) – son of the equerry, was born July 30, 1702.

He was brought up by his kinsman, gr. Petra Apraxin as Spiridonov a very young age lost his father.

By custom of the time, he joined the service of a soldier in the regiment of the Transfiguration and in the reign of Peter II was already a captain. Then he moved to the Semenov regiment, and received from the Empress Anna rank second major, was on the march under the command of Field Marshal Miniha – when taking Ochakov in 1737, for which was awarded the rank of Prime Minister Major and villages.

Then, in 1739 was promoted to major general and on September 10, which brought to St. Petersburg the news about taking Khotin was granted the Order of St.. Alexander Nevsky. In 1741, Spiridonov met on the border of the embassy Tahmas-Where will Hanna, consisting of 2,200 men too. Following the departure (in 1742) Embassy of Persia, Spiridonov was sent as ambassador to Persia, and then was general krigskomissarom, vice-president of the Military Collegium.

Ekeln Fedor Andreyevich (1746 – 06.1804) – Lieutenant General, Chief Musketeers Regiment, commander of the Tula arms factories, was descended from German nobility of the city Delenburga was born in 1746 initially served in Germany and in 1772 with the rank of Major translated into Russian service. 13th March 1773 Ekeln was promoted to Captain with the appointment of divisional quartermaster to general staff. During the campaign in 1773 Ekeln was in the army of Count Rumyantsev, June 11, participated in the crossing of the Danube at Gurobala main army, intended to occupy Silistria, on June 18, was at the battle of Silistria, then with the forces of Lieutenant-General Ungern- Sternberg went to Ishmael to winter quarters and remained in the city until the conclusion of Kuchuk Kainarji (15 th July 1774). After the war Ekeln returned to St. Petersburg and was in command of the General Staff, where the 20 th June 1777 he was appointed divisional chief quartermaster. Two years later, 29 th October 1779, Ekeln was granted to Lieutenant Colonel and in this rank of 1 st January 1782 sent to Lieutenant-General FV Bouverom to Kronstadt to oversee the construction of the Kronstadt stone harbor, where was under the command of Admiral Greig on 4 th May 1783 then inscribed commandment was assigned to the retinue of the Prince of Wurttemberg, and sent to the Kherson, on their return to St. Petersburg 19-th September of that year was with the first division. September 22, 1785, as a reward for oversight in the construction of stone harbor at Kronstadt, Ekeln was granted the Order of St. Vladimir 4 th century. 7 th May 1786 he was transferred to the First Battalion of the Finnish Jaeger Corps. During the Swedish war in 1788 Ekeln was in the vanguard corps lieutenant-general Michelson and on July 27 in a battle at the village Utti, and then commanded the army chain, situated against a hostile border. 20 th April 1789 Ekeln was promoted to colonel, with translation into Nasheburgsky Infantry Regiment. 26 th November 1792 he was granted the Order of St. George 4-th century. as a reward for military exploits in the Swedish war. In 1794, under the command of Prince C. Golitsyn Ekeln involved in the suppression of Polish rebels in Lithuania and Courland, on June 4, smashed the Polish general Prozor Birzek the city, then in command of the vanguard, drove the enemy's best troops in the village let, Yanishkel manor, and on July 20 destroyed the large body rebels under the command of generals Gedrovicha, Gelguda, Bistroma and Brigadier Selistrovskogo, when the village salad, for that September 15 was granted the Order of St. Vladimir third station. 3rd October 1793 Ekeln took the oath of allegiance to Russia for Nasheburgskom musketeer regiment, in which the 24 th November 1794 was promoted to team leaders, after 2 years, 3 January 1796, he was transferred to Voronezh Musketeer Regiment, 27 th January 1797 was appointed major-general, and the 23rd October 1798 promoted to lieutenant general. 29 th January 1799, due to failure of the shelf for 2 years in the position desired by the charter, Ekeln was expelled from the service, but the 24 th November 1800 and appointed to the newly adopted consist of the Army.

Stroganoff, Count Alexander Grigorievich (1795 – 1891) – Adjutant General, State Council member. The education received in the body of Railways, after completing the course of which entered the Guards Artillery Brigade. In the ranks of troops, pursued the retreating from Russia by Napoleon, and participated in battles at Dresden, Kulm, Leipzig and was during the occupation of Paris in 1831, participated in the suppression of the Polish uprising. In 1834 S. was appointed deputy minister of internal affairs, what he stayed until 1836, when he received the post of governor-general of Chernigov, Poltava and Kharkiv, and from 1839 to 1841 managed by the Ministry of Interior. Member of the Council of State composed since 1849 After spending a year (1854) military governor of St. Petersburg, he then was about 9 years Novorossiysk and Bessarabia by the Governor General, When he was in Odessa S. interested in the activities of Gdańsk Society Russian History and Antiquities, was its president and has made many valuable contributions to his museum.

Peterson, Ivan Ivanovich (1732) – Major General, son krigsrata, the former at the court of the Duke of Holstein, was recorded in the service of the 18 th January 1744, he in 1749 was admitted to the pages, and the 1 st April 1757 released Captain of the pages in the observational case; receiving grades: second major (1760), Prime Major (1761), Lieutenant Colonel (1763), Colonel (9 January 1771) and foreman (22 – September 1775) in the Kozlov Infantry Regiment (to whom he was then in command), Peterson 22 th September 1778 was promoted to major general and appointed chief commander of the fortress of St. Elizabeth, where he died September 7, 1794 . VP participated in the Seven Years' War, was in Prussia in 1757 and 1758 years. and at the Battle of Tsorndorfe was wounded in 1759, he was sent to St. Petersburg courier in 1769 PA, under the command of General Count. Wittgenstein was a grenadier battalion under Bender, in 1771, states under the command of Prince. Potemkin Tauride (then Major General), was in Silistra, and in 1772 – 1774 years. participated in many campaigns and fighting the enemy on the Danube and Black Sea. Gr. PI Panin, who knew the AP during the Seven Years' War was not about him, as the officer, a high opinion. Formulyarny list of the Moscow Office of the General Archive of the General Staff, register 214, Book 171 / 2, O. von Freyman, "Pazhi. Fridrihsgam, 1898, p. 29 and 819; SA Poroshin, "Notes", St. Petersburg., 1881 BG

Hotyaintsev Ivan Nikolaevich (1785 – 1856) – Lieutenant-General, Senator. Service began in 1793, a corporal in the Kexholmsky garrison and in 1805 was made an officer, with translation in the Kostroma Chasseurs regiment. His military career began in 1806, participation in battles Holoshyna, Yankov and Laysbergom May 28, 1807, J. in the Battle of Gutshtadte was wounded in his right leg. Two years later, he participated in the campaign against Austrians, and in 1810 he fought with the Turks under Ruschukom and noisy. Patriotic War began in the ranks of H. Vladimirsky Infantry Regiment, which was transferred to the rank of major, and for the battle of Gorodechno (16 Nov.). Was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir 4 tbsp. with a bow. In 1813 H. participated in the siege of the fortress of Thorn and for fighting with a. Konigswart (May 7) was promoted to colonel, and during the coalition wars against Napoleon once again distinguished himself in battle with La Rotiere (20 January.

Spiridov Gregory A. (1713 – 1790) – Admiral. After production in Sub-Lieutenant (1732), pp first participated in sea battles against the Turks in 1737 – 1740 years. While the adjutant under Admiral Bredahl, during the Seven Years War, the siege of Kolberg, commander of the 2000th landing parties. The production in 1764 as vice-admiral, SA has been appointed chief commander of the port of Reval, where moved to Kronstadt in two years. In 1769, the rank of Admiral, went to Archipelago waters "first flagship of the Russian fleet, contributed to this rebellion of Greeks, and was one of the main culprits Chesmenskaya win. After Kuchuk Kainarji (1774) resigned.