People of Russia

Polycleitus – one of the greatest Greek sculptor, native of Sicyon, the head of Peloponnesian sculpture school, student, or, more likely, a follower of argostsa Ageladas, a former teacher of Pheidias and Myron; lived in the V century BC Chr. Settling permanently in Argos, he continued to work in a spirit Ageladas, with it, in contrast to Phidias, created the ideal of divine majesty, sought to establish the type of external, human beauty. He depicted mainly figures of young athletes, of which the most famous for "Doriphor (spearman) and" Diadumen "(boy, put a bandage on his head). The first of these ancient statues called the canon, ie, logical and there is even a legend that it was carved GP to confirm the rules set forth in nedoshedshem to us his treatise on the proportions of the human body, named as the canon. Ancient writers (Lucian and Gaul) indicate that P. beauty body was caused by the harmony of its individual members, it is – a certain proportionality between the fingers themselves, all the fingers together to the pastern, the latter to the wrist, etc. copy of the first statues of the aforesaid ar heologi see Doriphor Naples Museum, as well as fragments of the torso of the Berlin museum and a bronze head of Naples.

Kosmodemyanskaya Zoya (Tanya) (13/09/1923 – 11/29/1941), the Soviet partisan, the heroine of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45.

Born in a family servant. Member of the Komsomol in 1938. Studied at the 201-th secondary school in Moscow. In October 1941, being a student of grade 10, a volunteer went to the partisan detachment.

In the village Obukhovo near Naro-Fominsk, with a group of Young Communists – the guerrillas crossed the front line in the occupied territory of the German occupiers.

In late November 1941 in the village Petrischeva in a combat mission was seized by the Nazis. Despite the horrific torture and abuse executioners did not betray his comrades, had not opened his real name, who called Tanya.

November 29, 1941 was executed.

February 16, 1942 Kosmodemyans'koi posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

Miron – from Elevfery, on the border of Attica and Boeotia. Sculptor era preceding directly the full flowering of Greek art (the end of VI – beg. V in.). Ancient characterize him as the greatest realist and connoisseur of anatomy, who could not however, give people life and expression. He depicted the gods, the heroes and animals, with a special love reproduce difficult, fleeting poses. The most famous of his work: "Discobolus", an athlete who intends to put the disc – a statue, still extant in several copies, of which the best in the palazzo Massimi in Rome. Along with this statue of the ancient writers refer to the praise of his sculpture Mapsiya grouped with Athens. About this group we get the concept and several late recurrence. From the images of animals, by M., the other more famous "Cow", which were written in praise of dozens of epigrams. For the most minor exceptions, the works of M. were bronze.

Melnikov, Konstantin Stepanovich (22.07 (03.08) .1890), American architect, honored architect of the RSFSR (1972). He graduated from the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (1917). He taught at the Moscow Higher Art (1921 – 1925), Vhuteine (1927 – 1929), the Moscow Architectural Institute (1934 – 1937), the Moscow Civil Engineering Institute. Vladimir Kuibyshev (from 1951, professor) and the All-Union Correspondence Engineering-Construction Institute (since 1960). Member of association Asnova. In the 20-30-ies. develop new types of public buildings and constructions, one of the first advanced the idea of transforming the internal space. For works of Melnikov [wooden pavilion "shag" on the 1 st All-Russian agricultural and handicraft-industrial exhibition, club them.

Feyhtner Vasily (25/11/1815 – 1889) – engineer, Lieutenant-General, from the nobility of the St. Petersburg province, died in Warsaw, education was in the Main (now Nicholas) School of Engineering, entered into December 1, 1830 a conductor in a conductor company. Manufactured in 1832 ensigns, F. continued his studies in both classes of officers (now Engineering Academy), and having finished a full course of studies with excellent success, and with the introduction of his name on a marble plaque in the conference hall of the school, was in 1835 appointed to the chief of engineers of the former Guards Corps, Adjutant General Schilder, and seconded first to the educational engineer battalion, and then successively to the Brest-Litovsk and Warsaw engineering teams. At the end of 1840 F. was appointed adjutant to the chief engineers of the former regular army, General Dan, and in 1849, with the appointment of Dan's Inspector of engineering parts, moved with him to St. Petersburg and in 1850 he was appointed commander of Ivangorod engineering team. In taking this position, MF, after personal inspection by Emperor Nicholas I work to strengthen and military buildings in the fortress Ivangorod, twice awarded the Imperial nominal goodwill (1850 and 1857). In 1859 he was appointed chief of staff of engineers, former 1 st Army, in 1862, with production in the major-general and chief of engineers in the Polish kingdom, but on the transformation thereof (1864), the head of the Warsaw Military District. In 1865 the FA took an active part in building a permanent bridge over the Vistula in Warsaw in 1869 and promoted to lieutenant general. In addition to the direct performance of FM 1865 – 1877 г. was vice-chairman, and from 1877 until the date of death, president of the boards of the Board of the Warsaw-Vienna and Warsaw-Brombergskoy railways. As an engineer, FN was considered a great expert in his field, as a man enjoyed universal love and respect.

Peterson, Ivan Ivanovich (1732) – Major General, son krigsrata, the former at the court of the Duke of Holstein, was recorded in the service of the 18 th January 1744, he in 1749 was admitted to the pages, and the 1 st April 1757 released Captain of the pages in the observational case; receiving grades: second major (1760), Prime Major (1761), Lieutenant Colonel (1763), Colonel (9 January 1771) and foreman (22 – September 1775) in the Kozlov Infantry Regiment (to whom he was then in command), Peterson 22 th September 1778 was promoted to major general and appointed chief commander of the fortress of St. Elizabeth, where he died September 7, 1794 . VP participated in the Seven Years' War, was in Prussia in 1757 and 1758 years. and at the Battle of Tsorndorfe was wounded in 1759, he was sent to St. Petersburg courier in 1769 PA, under the command of General Count. Wittgenstein was a grenadier battalion under Bender, in 1771, states under the command of Prince. Potemkin Tauride (then Major General), was in Silistra, and in 1772 – 1774 years. participated in many campaigns and fighting the enemy on the Danube and Black Sea. Gr. PI Panin, who knew the AP during the Seven Years' War was not about him, as the officer, a high opinion. Formulyarny list of the Moscow Office of the General Archive of the General Staff, register 214, Book 171 / 2, O. von Freyman, "Pazhi. Fridrihsgam, 1898, p. 29 and 819; SA Poroshin, "Notes", St. Petersburg., 1881 BG

Shevich Ivan G. (Senior) – lieutenant-general, the grandson Serb Rodoslava Shevich, migrated in the XVI century. in Hungary, and belonged to an ancient noble family, who enjoyed a great love and respect at home. Originally located in the Austrian service, and then, owing to the machinations of heightened at court of Maria Theresa of the Hungarian party, by all means closest Serbs, with many of his compatriots left their homeland and settled in Russia. At the same time it went to Russia and Ryco Preradovic, founder of the names of de Preradovic.

Andrea Palladio (1508 – 1580) – the famous Italian architect of the last pore of the Renaissance. In his brilliant treatment of the buildings of different architectural forms of ancient Roman architecture and art to observe the harmony in the distribution of parts of the buildings. The main arena of the PA was his hometown, Vicenza. Here is one from his first time works – basil, started construction in 1549, and replaces the old Town Hall.

Green Nikander Ilyich (02/07/1829 – 20/12/1888) – Major General, a member of the academic department of Marine Technical Committee, a former editor of Marine Digest, was born on February 7, 1829, was educated in the Marine Corps, which he entered in 1840, and was made a midshipman in 1846, then finished the course in the officer class and received the rank of lieutenant, Z. engaged in teaching marine science at the Naval College and at the same time scholarly work.

In addition to his academic work, he at the outset worked with a Russian translation on annual basis with the Nautical Almanac astronomical tables required for shipping. In 1859 he was appointed governor of the Office of the chief commander of the port of Archangel, and the next year – the head of the drainage port of Nikolaev. As previously active assistant of his brother Ivan Ilyich editing "Marine Digest, he made himself v1866, the editor of this magazine. Produced in 1871, a captain of rank 1, Z. in 1876, appointed member of the Academic Branch of the Naval Technical Committee, and in 1885 made a major general and lets the editors of the "Digest" his aide, Captain B. A. Kupreyanovu.

For 20 years, the publication of marine scientific journal SZ lot of trouble over it. In it, he published the following articles: "The boat-sailing vessels with screw engine," "Letters from Nice to ship Olaf", "Navigation on the great circle" and "Analysis of some maps of the atlas of the Black Sea (" Sea. Sat "1851, 57, 58 and 61 years.). Z. same excellent index of articles published the "Digest", which is the best direction for each deal with maritime issues.

He died Dec. 20, 1888 "General Marine list, Part X, p. 183-185. – "Kronstadt Herald" 1888, № 152. – "New Time" in 1888, № № 4608, 4609. – "Historical Journal" 1889, Duke. 3, p. 778. – Languages, "Review of the life and works of the deceased Russian.

Esmont Samuel A. (died 09/16/1847) – Rear Admiral, commander of the Danube ports and fleets. 1 st January 1796 E. was placed in the Black Sea Cadet Corps, and since 1798 had sailed on the ship "Krasnosillia" and frigate "St. Gregory" in the Black and Mediterranean Seas, and the 9 th May 1801 was made a warrant. Floating then transport "King Constantine," frigate "St. Michael" ship "Anna", frigate "St. Chrysostom," transport "Evlampy" frigate № 2 ("rush") and ships "Dmitry Donskoy" and "Maxim Confessor, Esmont repeatedly visited the ports of Azov and the Black, Mediterranean and Adriatic Seas and Archipelago, and during that time (January 8, 1809) was promoted to lieutenant on 14 th February 1819 – a lieutenant commander and In 1811 he was awarded the Order of St. George 4-th class. In 1823 Esmont was given command of transport "Danube". The following year, he also sailed on board the ambulance and then to start the Turkish War, commanded a vessel "Mary", corvette "Jason and the ship" Panteleimon ". By throwing the last ship in 1828, he participated in the capture of Anapa and Varna, for which he was promoted to Captain of rank 2 and was awarded a gold sword and the Order of St. Anne 2 nd degree. Produced by the 20 th March 1829 to captain one of the first rank for the differences in the cases against the Turks, Esmont, commanding the said ship, participated in the taking of more Sizopolya, Messemvrii, Ahiollo, Inodes and mussels. Produced by the 6 th December 1835 in the rear admiral, he was appointed commander of the 2 nd Brigade 5 th naval division, and within three years, with a flag on the ship "Scesma" and frigate "Anna", cruising in the Black Sea , and in 1837, during the Abkhaz expeditions, participated in the Battle of Cape occupation Adler, for which he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree.