People of Russia

Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (3/6/1937) – The world's first woman astronaut. Born in the village Maslennikovo Tutayev district of the Yaroslavl region in the family farmers. His father worked as a tractor driver and his mother was the household, worked on the farm. During the Great Patriotic War, his father was killed at the front, and a mother with three children moved to the city of Yaroslavl. There little Valya went to school. She graduated from school seven years, and then night school for working youth. At the end of June 1954 came to work at the Yaroslavl Tire Plant in the assembly shop cutter.

Moritz (1696 – 1750) – Count of Saxony, commonly called the Marshal of Saxony, the natural son of the Elector Augustus II (I, 70), gained fame during the war with the Swedes and the Turks. When, around 1720, in Europe there was a lull, M. surrendered dissolute life, has stopped and with its transition into the French army, but does not prevent him from carrying out a serious study of mathematics, fortifications and military matters in general. Election to the Duke of Courland was not held due to Russian opposition. With special honors he had acted in a war provoked by disputes over the Polish throne, but the full force of his Marshal talent manifested itself only in the War of Austrian Succession, at the siege and storming of Prague (1741) and the assumption of Eger (1742), as well as in military operations in south-west. Germany. Despite the intrigues of envious, Louis XV, in March 1744, elevated to the rank of Marshal M. France, and asked him to command the French army in Flanders.

Levashov, Vasily Yakovlevich (in 1667 – 4/7/1751) – The commander in chief, was born in 1667, died April 7, 1751 joined the army private in 1696, he participated in the suppression of the Moscow Uprising and in the Azov campaign.

In 1700 he was appointed lieutenant in the newly-formed regular army, took part in the affairs of Narva, Shlisselburg Rigoyu, Poltava, was then on Admiral Apraksine on the shores of Sweden with a special squad to destroy a flotilla of commercial ships. Repeatedly perform specific special assignments sovereign, which he provided a great location and trust. In the rank of brigadier Levashov participated in the Persian campaign, then was left to the head in the adjoint of Persia area. Soon he was surrounded in Rasht with a detachment of Russian troops horde Persians, including up to 20 tons attendees., But successfully defended and forced the Persians to lift the siege.

In 1727 Levashov received the rank of lieutenant-general, the Order of St.. Alexander Nevsky and 750 serfs. He ruled attached to areas of Persia in 1734, managed to reestablish order there and at the same time Russia has sent in very large amounts collected chiefly due to his careful and precise and at the same time he had even repeatedly repel attacks by Persians and Turks, that He always successfully.

Awarded the rank of commander in chief, he was in 1734, when peace returned to Russia with the troops, the former under his command.

Ernst Barlach (02/01/1870 – 10/24/1938), German sculptor, graphic artist and writer. He studied at the Art and Industrial School in Hamburg (1888-1891), in the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts (from 1891) and Paris (1895-1896). In 1906, he visited Russia. From 1910 he worked in Gyustrove. In the work of Barlach plastic language of German Gothic reconceived in a spirit of expressionism. In sculpture, Barlach strong internal movement that penetrated the squat generalized form of the human body, is in sharp contrast to the reticence of a static arrangement, purely plastic means of creating great emotional stress. He worked mainly in wood.

Bernstam Leopold Adolfovich (1869) – sculptor-portraitist, born in 1869 in Riga, in a Jewish family, he studied first of Professor Jensen's sculpture, DI, and then attended the drawing school of Society for the Encouragement of artists in St. Petersburg. And from 1879-81 classes of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, in 1864 BP has worked in Florence and Rome. Since 1885 he has lived in Paris and heads the art department at the museum Grevena. The fame created his BA sculptural portraits of literature, science and the arts: in Russia – Pushkin (Foyer Alexandrinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg.) Von Vizzini, Dostoevsky, Goncharov, M. Saltykov, MH Katkov, A. Rubinstein (in St. Petersburg. Conservatory) and others, in France – O. Flaubert E. Renan, Zola, F. Koppe, A. Thomas, L. Halevy and others

Konenkov Sergei T. (28.06 (10.07) .1874 – 9.10.1971), American sculptor, valid tsp. AH the USSR (1954), People's Artist of the USSR (1958), Hero of Socialist Labor (1964). Born into a peasant family. He studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (1892-96) in S. Ivanov and SM Volnukhin and the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts (1899-1902; valid tsp. Since 1916). Exhibitor World of Art and a member of the Union of Russian Artists.

In the early period of the works of genre and narrative nature ("Kamneboets", bronze, 1898, Tretyakov gal.) And several later works, marked poiskami monumental synthesis of images ("Samson", plaster, 1902, was not preserved), Konenkov sought to convey his thoughts about the hard life of the native people and its impulse to fight for freedom.

Konenkov involved in the revolutionary events of 1905 in Moscow, made some generalized symbolic in character portraits of the Revolution of 1905 ("Work-fighter in 1905 Ivan Churkin", marble, 1906, the Museum of Revolution, the USSR, Moscow; "Atheist", Sandstone, 1906, Mordovia cards. gal. im. FV Sychkova, Saransk). Since the mid 1900's. Personalizing Konenkova characterized predominantly folk-fabulous images (Stribog, 1910, Tretyakov gal.; "Eruslan Lazarevic, 1913, Serpukhov History and Art, both – tree), processing based on Russian folk wooden sculptures, theme classically perfect, harmonious rights, largely inspired by the art of antiquity and the Renaissance, but closely related to the search for national aesthetic and ethical ideals of ("Nike", 1906, "Young", 1916, – both of marble, Tretyakov gal.). In this period Konenkov created a series of portraits, including composition, dedicated to the great musicians of the past ("Bach", marble, 1910, coll. NF Mikula, Moscow; "Paganini", several. Options).

In the first years of Soviet power Konenkov participated in the plan of monumental propaganda, (plaque "fell in the struggle for peace and brotherhood among peoples, colored cement, 1918, participated in the opening of Lenin and the group" Stepan Razin and his gang " Wood, 1918-19; now both in the Russian Museum, Leningrad).

Shpilevsky Hilary (1754 – 1827) – architect, professor of Alexander the Warsaw University. He studied in Warsaw and abroad, on his return from abroad he was appointed a treasury architect. According to his plans was built dozens of churches, several palaces (restored, among other things, known Kazimirov Palace) and many private homes are very elegant style. Experience and artistic taste Sh made his name very well known, and soon after the formation of Alexander the Warsaw University, he was invited to take the department of Fine Arts. Position Professor S. held until 1823, when introduced to an art exhibition in the former Warsaw was written watercolor design of a new facade of the Cathedral of St.. John has earned universal approval. In 1826, he was filled remake Saxon Palace, his last major work.

Astaf'ev Alexander Ivanovich (1816 – 1863) – Russian military writer, Major-General.

He graduated from General Staff Academy (1844).

Author of several works: "The Warsaw Province (in the book: Military Statistical Review of Russian History, Vol 15, Part 3, 1850)," Memoirs of Suvorov (1856), "Sources of political economy and state economy" (Book 1-2, 1862-63), and others, most of which – on the modern art of war "(v. 1-2, 1856-61) – contained a progressive for his time, ideas.

Astafyev acknowledged major influence of the military equipment on the composition, armament, organization of the army and military skill, calling "cease to imitate the actions of Napoleon, incongruous with the terms of our time" and make changes in the forces and tactics.

Criticized by Russian and foreign military theorists for their desire to turn the art of war in the Code of stable rules.

Contrary to the established academic views attributed to a number of great generals, not only Western European leaders, but Russian (Dmitry Donskoy, Peter I, PA Rumyantsev, AV Suvorov), proving their priority in a number of important innovations in military affairs.

Andrea Palladio (1508 – 1580) – the famous Italian architect of the last pore of the Renaissance. In his brilliant treatment of the buildings of different architectural forms of ancient Roman architecture and art to observe the harmony in the distribution of parts of the buildings. The main arena of the PA was his hometown, Vicenza. Here is one from his first time works – basil, started construction in 1549, and replaces the old Town Hall.

Tukhachevskiy Michael N. (04 (16) .02.1893 – 11.06.1937), Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (1935). A member of the Communist Party since 1918.

Born in Alexander I Dorogobuzh district of Smolensk province (now near the village. Slednevo Safonovo district of Smolensk region). In a noble family. Graduated from the Alexander Military School (1914).