Biography Polycleitus
Polycleitus – one of the greatest Greek sculptor, native of Sicyon, the head of Peloponnesian sculpture school, student, or, more likely, a follower of argostsa Ageladas, a former teacher of Pheidias and Myron; lived in the V century BC Chr. Settling permanently in Argos, he continued to work in a spirit Ageladas, with it, in contrast to Phidias, created the ideal of divine majesty, sought to establish the type of external, human beauty. He depicted mainly figures of young athletes, of which the most famous for "Doriphor (spearman) and" Diadumen "(boy, put a bandage on his head). The first of these ancient statues called the canon, ie, logical and there is even a legend that it was carved GP to confirm the rules set forth in nedoshedshem to us his treatise on the proportions of the human body, named as the canon. Ancient writers (Lucian and Gaul) indicate that P. beauty body was caused by the harmony of its individual members, it is – a certain proportionality between the fingers themselves, all the fingers together to the pastern, the latter to the wrist, etc. copy of the first statues of the aforesaid ar heologi see Doriphor Naples Museum, as well as fragments of the torso of the Berlin museum and a bronze head of Naples. But, unfortunately, the Neapolitan statue can not make myself very clear idea about the original, as its singer, sculptor of the Roman era, gave a figure Doriphor, which in the original AP showed a young man, barely enters into adulthood (viriliter puer), muscular, powerful forms, strongly reminiscent of Roman sculptors favorite type of gladiator. Similarly, almost completely passed the original play the second of these articles, and even the best of them, Diadumen Farnese and Diadumen British Museum, the little match the description polikletovskogo Diadumena, representing, according to legend, a young man with a tender. still developing forms (molliter juvenis). PA also reproduced women's bodies. According to the account of Pliny, the best sculptors of Greece – Phidias Kresilay, Fradmon and AP, were invited to participate in the contest for the execution of statues of Amazons to Ephesus Church at what was provided to them to decide themselves, whose work will be most excellent. Each of the competitors took first place their own work, and the second, all three opponents P. put his statue, as a result he was declared the winner. Repetition of the Amazons believed "wounded Amazon" Berlin museum depicting. young woman of strong build, with strong muscles, but generally with smooth, rounded shapes. Some departure from the realistic, P., manifested in the aforementioned sculptures, observed in the execution of a temple to the Argive Chryselephantine statue of Hera, the free repetition of which, perhaps, should recognize the Farnese Hera Naples Museum. About AP story also says, as an architect, he attributed the building of the Odeon theater in Epidaurus. Wed Friederichs, "Der Doryhogos des Polyklet" (BA, 1869); Conze, "Beitrage zur Geschichte der griech. Plastik" (Halle, 1860); Michaelis, "Tre statue Policletee" (in "Annali dell 'Inatituto archeol.", Rome, 1878).