Biography of Eugene of Savoy
Eugene of Savoy (1663 – 1736), Prince karinyansky, Margrave of Saluzzo, Austria. generalissimo, the youngest son of Prince Maurice E. Savoy. Offended by Louis XIV's refusal to give him a regiment, he left France, he entered Volunteer in Austria. the army and during the invasion of Kara Mustafa (1683) of Vienna has acquired great fame. In 1690, he was appointed Austrian team. Troops in Italy and joined with the Duke of Savoy, Victor Amadeus. The latter, against the advice of IE, joined with the French in battle at Staffarde, was defeated, and only the courage and diligence E. rescue Allied troops from the final destruction.
In 1691, Marshal E. coerced Katina lift the siege of the CD. Horses, in 1691, with the vanguard of the army of the Duke of Savoy, Dauphine invaded and conquered several fortresses. In 1697 he won a brilliant victory over the Turks at Zenta, contribute to the conclusion, in 1699, which is beneficial for Austria Karlowitz. In 1701, appointed commander in Italy, he made a difficult passage through the Alps and the Council of Trent, following victories in the Capri and Chiari, took to the Lombardy region. Olio. Campaign 1702 he began a surprise attack on Cremona, and was taken to the Marshal Plan Villeroi, then very skillfully defended himself against the superior forces of Marshal Vendôme. Appointed by President Hofkriegsrath, EA has taken a number of measures have saved Austria from the greatest danger, which put her rebellion Hungarians and the success of the French in Bavaria.
In 1704, together with the Duke of Marlborough, EA won at Gohshtedte, which led to the revolt of Bavaria from the alliance with Louis XIV. In 1705, EA was sent to Spain, where he stopped the progress of Vendôme, and in 1706 won at Turin, Italy, forcing the French to clean up. In 1707 he invaded Provence and Toulon besieged, but unsuccessfully, in 1708, along with Marlboro, broke Vendôme in Udenarde and took Lille, and in 1709 dealt a defeat at Villeroi Malplake. In 1712, EA has been split in Denecke and in 1714 signed Rashtadtsky world. In 1716 he defeated the Turks at Petervardeyne and took Temeshvar, and next year won a decisive victory at Belgrade. These victories dealt a major blow to the power of Turks in Europe and led to the conclusion Passarovitskogo world.
Until 1724 he was Stadtholder in Austria. Netherlands. Charles VI, treated with the EA does not trust, as Leopold I, Joseph and I; hostile to his party at the yard has increased, but its influence was felt in dealing with all the important states. issues. In the role of commander in chief E. appeared once more, in the War of Polish Succession (1734 – 1735), but was soon withdrawn. The distinctive features of E. Prince, as the commander – the courage and determination, based on a thorough understanding of enemies and this situation, inexhaustible in finding funds to implement these plans, composure at critical moments and the ability to bind to their hearts of soldiers. He raised a monument in Vienna. "Feldzuge des Prinzen Eugen von Savoyen" (Vienna 1876 – 1883); book. Galitzine, "The great generals of history" (St. Petersburg 1875); Kausler, "Das Leben des Prinzen Eugen v. Savoyen" (Freyb. 1838 – 1839).